Concrete: Advantages And Disadvantages

Concrete: Advantages And Disadvantages In this era which we live in, there are more than 7 billion (1) people on Earth and its resources are limited and quickly depleting. As a response to this high demand and burden on the Earths precious goods, there has been a green movement. Governments and companies are implementing laws and constantly looking for ways to be more efficient and conserve whatever little we have at our disposal. In the light of all this innovative research and as university students studying environmental engineering, concrete evolution has sparked our interest. Concrete is very much a large part of the environment, being one of the most widely used materials in construction, concrete is virtually everywhere. Its high durability and versatility has made it superior to all other building materials however there are some downsides to concrete that has made it a threat to the environment, mainly the greenhouse gas emissions that come with making cement. The cement manufacturing industry is under increasing pressure to reduce these emissions due to the fact that it releases a lot of gases, namely carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide. The real struggle is to find ways to produce a concrete that is environmentally safe, without losing the integrity of the concretes durability and reliability. In this paper, the making of concrete and its advantages and disadvantages will be discussed, alongside some different alternatives that have been implemented at present time to deal with energy efficiency and environmental security. Economic and social effects are also looked at and discussed. The main alternatives in focus are; the use of chemical admixtures, recycled concrete materials and fuel alternatives for the kiln. Kiln and Efficiency The most energy consuming part of the cement making process is the burning of the mixture of the constituent parts of cement within the kiln. A large amount of emissions is released by the fossil fuels used to heat the kiln up and the chemical reactions that take place within the kiln itself. A kiln is a thermally insulated chamber or oven, in which a controlled temperature is maintained and kilns used for making cement get to temperatures of about 1500 degrees Celsius (2). In order to get to these temperatures, large quantities of coal are burned to generate the energy needed for the kiln. Coal is the primary fuel burned in cement kilns, however, the use of alternative fuels in cement kilns is now common and increasing. This high energy consumption however leads to high carbon emissions, about 7% of the worlds total carbon emissions. Cement production is an energy-intensive process consuming thermal energy of the order of 3.3 GJ/tonne of clinker produced. Electrical energy consumption is about 90 120 kWh/tonne of cement.(3) These are the reasons why more efficient fuel alternatives are being investigated to firstly help improve the quality of air we breathe and secondly protect the earth from adverse conditions that come with too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. There are two types of kilns being put to use, one utilizing a wet process and the other dry. The wet process is the older method and involves a slurry mixture of water and the cement ingredients being transferred to the kiln. The wet process however uses a lot of energy and therefore the modern dry process is more commonly used. It uses the dry ingredients blended together and then transferred to the kiln, the only disadvantage it that a lot of dust is released. Both diagrams below will illustrate the the cement making process and more importantly the two different kinds of kilns. Material Science According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, material science is the scientific study of the properties and applications of materials of construction or manufacture (as ceramics, metals, polymers, and composites).(5) The concise encyclopedia further explains how material science goes into how the properties of different materials depend on their composition such as atomic mass and electron configuration.(5) It also points out the importance of material science to engineers of all disciplines as they need to know as much as possible about different materials in order to come up with designs and fix problems in their respective fields. With a sound knowledge of materials and their properties, they can be manipulated in any way necessary to be an asset to us. In our case, understanding the chemical reactions that take place in concrete will help to understand why the methods chosen have been picked in the first place to help rectify any problems. From the manufacturing of the cement in the kiln to the demolition of concrete structures, knowing and understanding the reason behind different aspects surrounding the whole concrete process is very beneficial in finding alternatives to make it more environmentally safe and efficient. Alternative Fuels Fossil fuels, such as coal and natural gas, have been used as energy sources in the cement manufacturing industry for decades. In more recent years, these traditional fuel sources have become increasingly substituted with alternative fuels typically of waste sources such as municipal solid waste, scrap tires, waste wood, agricultural biomass, meat and bone meal, and petroleum coke. The list of candidate materials is continuously expanding and regulatory pressures, economic factors and the fact that we are running out of landfill space are all reasons why these alternative fuels are continuously sought for and studied. Alternative fuels used today in cement manufacturing and the different potential alternative fuels differ considerably from the traditional fuels, and the cement manufacturing industry is faced with several challenges in making the switch from traditional to alternative fuels. Some of these challenges include, inadequate heat distribution, blockages in the preheater cyclones, unstable precalciner function, higher SO2, NOx, and CO emissions, congestion in the kiln riser ducts and dusty kilns (6). Furthermore, due to the fact that the cement industry is strictly regulated by national and international legislation for environmental related issues, health and safety of practices, and the quality of cement produced, special approval is required for the use alternative fuel since they all different and can potentially introduce harmful environmental effects or affect the quality of the cement. The type of combustion implemented, which is determined by the type of fuel used can have a direc t affect on the composition and characteristics of the output product, and the function of the kiln as different manufacturing plants may differ in their design. A common practice in cement manufacture is the addition of the ash produced by the fuels, which are comprised of compounds containing silica and alumina, into the clinker (6). The composition of the fuel ash created by different fuels can determine in which proportions an alternative fuel can substitute a conventional fuel, for example some can yield silica rich fuel ash which can later reduce the amount of ground sand needed as a raw material to make cement. Moreover, the inclusion of constituents that can have a deleterious effect on concrete performance must be controlled, since this can happen even at very small concentrations. An example of this would be alkalis such as potassium oxide and sodium oxide, which can in the presence of moisture can cause reactions in concrete called ACR and ASR which can cause cracking in the structure. These alkalis can also react with SO3 to form alkali sulphates, which can affect the reactivity of the cement with aggregates, resulting in hardenin g problems (6). Therefore, the inclusion of alkalis from the kiln system should be minimized. In certain kilns that have preheaters, the use of alternative fuels can lead to the volatilization of certain molecules they introduce, which can lead to their subsequent recirculation in increasingly higher loads. Their recirculating can lead to their condensation in cooler areas, binding to circulating dust particles and can potentially cause blockages, thereby affecting the heat-exchange system. Some of these molecules are sodium oxide, potassium oxide, alkali sulphates, and chlorine, which not only are responsible for deposits, preheater blockages, and kiln rings but can also affect the quality of the cement produced if they are retained to some proportions(6). Petroleum coke or petcoke is a solid residue from the crude oil refineries. It is considered a low volatile fuel with a typical volatile content of 5-15 %. The fact that its volatile content is low means that it has a low reactivity / burning rate and therefore is not possible to burn 100% petcoke in kiln or precalciner without using other high volatile fuels along with it (6). Consequently, this alternative fuel requires finer grinding and is pushing new kiln designs into the market to allow for their complete burning. Another negative is the fact that it has a high sulphur and vanadium content. This can result in increasing the sulphur circulation in the kiln and precalciners and as mentioned before causing build-ups and blockages, and increasing sulphur dioxide emissions. Sulphur contamination of the cement can cause cracking and high vanadium content can cause reduce the strength of concrete (6). A 0.2 percent addition is reported to lead to a 10 percent reduction in 28-day stren gth of cement. However, due to low ash content of petcoke such high contents of vanadium in cement are unlikely (6). This is an attractive fuel as it has a high calorific content and relatively less expensive than coal and other fossil fuel conventionally used. Sewage Sludge is generated from wastewater treatment from industrial, residential, commercial, and institutional sources. Sewage sludge is usually disposed of by throwing it in the sea, its use as fertilizer, its incineration, or it is dumped in a landfill. Due to stricter environmental specifications associated with its disposal, the possible health and environmental risks in using it as a fertilizer and the increasing cost for its disposal in landfills, its use as an alternative fuel in cement manufacture is becoming more attractive. The organic components of the sludge are entirely destroyed when it is burned as fuel and the inorganic components and heavy metals are combined and included in the final product. The sulphur content of sludge is not greater than coal so it does not pose a major concern in comparison, and although it has higher nitrogen content the nitrogen oxide emissions are lower than when fossil fuels are burned (7). However, there are higher contents of volatile c ontent, ash, and low fixed carbon compared to coals. Sludge usually requires pretreatment before it can be used as a fuel and has to be burned in controlled conditions as with most alternative fuels. Using sludge is also attractive economically, as it resulted in an increase in return when used instead of fossil fuels, in spite of its lower energy content than coal and the fact that it needs to be stored in special silos in order to avoid contamination (7). Its storage and handling and reduction of water content are the most difficult part of its use as a fuel, however it is definitely a far better option than use of non-renewable resources since it is widely available and a nuisance to dispose of. The use of sludge as a fuel source cannot have much of a social impact other than perhaps peoples perception of it, some may regard it as a better option than incinerating sludge which forms poisonous by-products, while others may be bothered by its use in anything else. Scrap tires have become utilized as an alternative source of fuel for various parts of the developed world instead of fossil fuels in many industries including cement manufacture. When tires are burned the rubber is completely destroyed and the inorganic component and heavy metals are included in the cement product. Different cases present different conclusions about the emission of SO2 and NOx, which may suggest that it depends on the kiln system and the burning process implemented. However, two Portland Cement Association (PCA) reports (2008, 2009) found that nitrogen oxide, sulphur oxide, and particulate emissions were reduced when scrap tires substituted a portion of the conventional fuels (7). Heavy metal, dioxins and furan emissions showed different results in different studies however, again Portland Cement Association studies collected data from 31 cement plants that used tire as fuel and found a significant reduction in the emissions of dioxins and furans (7) . Some problems with tire derived fuel is incomplete combustion and zinc oxide present at concentrations that may be detrimental to the quality of the cement. Overall, the use of tires as fuel is an environmentally, and economically sound option compared to other end-of life alternatives of tires and the use of 100% fossil fuel. Tires have a higher energy content than coal and allow for savings in the purchase of coal. Another source of fuel being used is agricultural biomass, which includes all forms of biomass not included in the categories of meat and bone meal, or sewage sludge. Some common sources are rice and coffee bean husks, palm kernels, algae, and cottonseed oils. The use of agricultural biomass has been proven to be an effective way to reduce greenhouse gases and the dependency for fossil fuel (7). Furthermore, its been determined to have low SO2 emissions, low dioxin and furan emissions, and very low heavy metal emissions. Biomass in the form of waste from industrial or agricultural processes is less expensive than fossil fuels, and therefore its use would reduce operational costs. However, equipment specific to the processing of biomass may be needed and may incur additional costs. Also, supply seems to be a major concern, a continuous supply may be difficult to achieve. Socially it can be beneficial to some agricultural communities, allowing them to make an additional income from sel ling their agricultural by-products (7). Finally the last alternative fuel to be discussed is the meat and bone meal (MBM), a by-product of the rendering and food industries. Their co-incineration with fossil fuels in cement kiln systems has become a common way for their elimination. MBM has a lower fixed carbon and high ash content and high levels of phosphate, sodium, potassium, magnesium and chlorine (7). Due to the fact that chlorides can volatilize and condense at high temperatures in the kiln and can react with alkalis and sulphates to form compounds with low melting points, which can lead to their recirculation and condensation. As mentioned earlier this can can have harmful effects on the production process and cement produced . Consequently the MBM used as substituted fuel and the compounds introduced into the cement needs to be controlled and monitored. The sulphur content, on the other hand, is a little lower than can be found in coal, and the high calcium content in MBM can help retain most of the SO2 released f rom its combustion (7). The use of MBM in cement production reduces CO2 emissions, SO2 emissions, and introduces a safe and environmentally friendly way to disposing of them. And as with the previous alternative fuels mentioned, it reduces the demand for landfills and their associated environmental and health risks. In summary the cement kiln provides numerous advantages over other end-of life alternatives for much of these wastes. The high temperatures, oxygen rich environment, and adequate residence time provided by the kiln system allows for the complete destruction of the organic material. Also, aside from being able to process a wide range of waste materials, since the ash is incorporated into the final product there is no additional waste to manage from the use of these wastes. However, these alternative fuels are derived from selected waste streams and usually require some level of pretreatment, such as the shredding of tires, drying of sewage sludge and reducing its pathogen levels, etc. This is a extra investment of time and money that the cement manufacturers will need to take on as the pretreatment of these wastes is an integral part of their recovery and in most cases is taken care of externally by waste treatment experts or outside suppliers. Despite, these extra costs for the prepr ocessing of these wastes, the cement manufacturers are expected to make a larger return on this investment in comparison to the purchase of fossil fuels. Also, the use of these wastes as fuels would create a market for these them in neighboring communities, which will help reduce the number of operating landfills and put to use the calorific value in these wastes rather than have them wasted. The burning of carbon neutral wastes which include agricultural biomass, municipal waste, animal waste and paper waste are considered as GHG sinks since they would otherwise decay in landfills and form methane which is a more harmful GHG than CO2 (8). Other wastes that are derived from fossil fuels such as tires, are not carbon neutral, however burning them in cement kilns rather than incinerating them, which also induces GHG emissions, can result in significant CO2 reductions. Although the kiln emerging technologies and their capacities to process these fuels was not discussed, since it is too broad of a subject to cover and is not the main purpose of this paper, it is understood that some alterations to tradition kiln systems is required to adapt to the different combustion of these fuels. An example of these changes is features such as a multi-channel burner design and thermograph systems which allow for the control of the flame and optimize burning of different fuels (10). There are also different mathematical models, which look at which combination of alternative fuels in which proportions can produce optimal burning conditions (11). There has been much progress over the years in the substitution of fossil fuels in cement kilns, especially in the EU where substitution rates are much higher than in North America, however, there is much more work that needs to be done in the evolution of the cement industry towards greener and more sustainable practices. Advanced Chemical Admixtures Our society relies greatly on building materials, concrete being one of the oldest, and most important of those materials. Concrete is a combination of 60% to 75% aggregates and 25% to 40% paste. The paste is comprised of 7% to 15% cement, 4% to 8% of air content, and 14% to 21% water (15). Although paste only contribute less than 40% of concrete, the components greatly affects the overall quality. An example is with the reduction of water to cement ratio, and in turn increases the compressive and flexural strength, increases resistance to weathering reduces shrinkage and cracking, and lowers permeability. To achieve these characteristics in concrete, engineers came up with admixtures, an important ingredients used when the goals are to reduce the cost of concrete, maintaining the quality of concrete during the different stages of its production, basically to achieve desirable properties of concrete. Admixtures are classified under the following; Air-entraining mixtures, water reduci ng admixtures, plasticizers, accelerating admixtures, retarding admixtures, corrosion inhibitors, etc. Superplasticiser/High range water reduction is made up of synthetic polymers, which are admixtures that increase slump flow, essentially used for low to normal slump and water-cement ratio. The use of superplascticiser not only brings the water-cement ratio down, but it drastically increases the workability, as well as increasing the strength at an early stage up to 200% within 16 hrs (13) . A great example of a new and innovative plasticizing admixture is Glenium SKY. The third generation high range water reducer or superplasticizer also known as Glenium was introduced in the 1990s. Glenium is a polycarboxylic ether polymer, that attracts entrringite molecules, through a static electric charge. This entrringite provides a protective barrier around the surface of cement particle, which prevents hydration and crystallization. In September 2003 Glenium SKY (Synthesis of Key performance and Yield) was introduced. This new superplasticizer was developed for ready mixed concrete, concrete that contains high performance quality from the production to the usage. Unlike the other types of Glenium; Glenium 21 and Glenium 27 , Figure 1 Glenium SKY, new chemical monomers controls the rate in which the entrringite molecules cover the cement molecules. Therefore the cement molecules are not completely covered, which allows the crystallization to take place at a slower rate, and accelerated strength at an early stage without compromising the consistency. Glenium SKY was tested against Glenium 27, it is noticeable from the table below that Glenium needing less water and lower cement-water ratio, but still was a able to produce a more consistent slump and greater strength according to the test results in table 1. Within 90 min, the slump dropped only by 2 mm. The usage of Glenium SKY benefits socially, economically, and environmentally. With the increase in workability, decrease in water-cement ratio, and high early strength, allows the most optimum concrete design which in turns have a positive effect on the economical aspect The definition of sustainability means to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their need (15). Sustainability is achieved when these 3 factors are properly balanced, economy, social, and environmental. It is evident that the addition of the superplasticiser used in concrete mix designs will help to achieve environmental sustainability. The concrete industrys main goal is to produce a superior material with a positive impact to the environment. This super-plasticiser or high range water reducer will decrease the water-cemnet ratio, meaning less cement needed as well as water. Water usage can be reduced from 10% to over 30%. A 10% reduction is equivalent to 600 000 tonnes of water saved annually (14). Not only are the usage of water is reduced but also other environmental factors. Analyzing the effects of the super-plasticiser shows a generally positive effect on the environment. Figures 3 and 4, shows 2 concrete structures impact on the environment with the addition of super-plasticiser in relation with the structures without the admixture. For the flat Slab concrete, adding the super-plasticiser admixture decreases these negative impacts by a great margin. It is evident that the total energy requirement is reduced by 8%, the toxic impact on human health is reduced by 10 %, the acidifying pollutants is reduced by 8%, and the CO2 is reduced to almost 20%. However, using this admixture, there is an increase in chemical waste, the values have been normalized to 100% for the control, which means the increase of the non-hazardous chemical wastes will only increase by 1% (13). Overall for this cement mix the superplasticier admixture is beneficial because it decreases major negative impacts such as abiotic depletion and eootox sediment by 3% and another 3 categorie s by over 10%. The effect of the admixtures vary depending on the different type of mixes and their purpose. The concrete mix for a precast wall unit was also analyzed using these admixtures. Based on that analysis we can conclude that this admixture has the desired effect by decreasing the energy by 10% by volume of concrete. As with the previous concrete mix the superplasticiser has a greater impact on a number of impacts. While there is an increase in chemical waste by 10% by volume of control concrete the decrease in energy is of 20%. This outweighs the negative of this admixture. Overall the super-plasticiser admixture has a great effect on a number of impacts but also a negative impact on chemical waste. Figure 3 and 4 compare the strength with and without the admixture versus the energy and climate change. It is evident that the super-plasticiser are effective in reducing the CO2 emissions and the energy consumption. A cement mix with this superplasticiser admixture will have a positive overall effect and has very beneficial impact on the environment. The use of this super-plasticiser admixture in concrete mixes allows for social sustainability. As previously stated before, with the addition of this admixture, concrete mix can be made to have a higher strength. An increase in the strength of the concrete will result in a more durable material, and a longer life expectancy. With concrete having higher strength and a longer life, maintaining these structures will be reduced especially within major highways and roadways within a city. Traffic congestions greatly impacts our lives, career, and safety. By reducing the amount of traffic will allow a better quality of life. In central Ontario alone, there are 11 zones where major structures are being repaired and maintained. On the Queen Elizabeth Way (QEW) near Hamilton, a $7.3 million dollar contract has been approved for the structural rehabilitation (14). According to the traffic reports, the QEW Burlington Skyway Bridge, the Millen and Fifty Road structures and glover road will be u nder construction, which means a delay up to 30 minutes (14). The 30 minute construction delay with the addition of bottlenecked areas, and overcrowded vehicles can increase the delay to be even longer than 30 minutes. Lets say 30 minutes delay for construction, and because of a large amount of the population commute to the city of Toronto for work, another 10 minutes due to vehicles overcrowding the roads. We have a total of 40 minutes delay, and a total of 80 minutes delay a day, which comes up to 6400 minutes or 106.6 hours in traffic until this specific project is completed in 4 months. These delays will cause people to be late for work, school, or other commitments, which can lead to stress, and road safety. By producing an optimal concrete design using a super-plasticiser such as Glenium SKY, we can increase the strength and life expectancy of the structure, which will reduce traffic caused by maintenance and repair, and create a more socially sustainable environment. Reaching economic sustainability is just as important as social and environmental sustainability. With the increase in workability, decrease in water-cement ratio, and high early strength, allows the most optimum concrete design which in turns will help to achieve economical sustainability. The increase in workability allows proper installation into areas of low clearance, underwater placements, and areas where consolidating methods cannot be used. Which means savings on equipment, transportation, and time. When mix designing, with the addition of Glenium SKY admixture, the water-cement ratio is decreased, which results in a smaller amount of water and cement needed. Economically, this is a positive result, not only does it reduce the cost of the amount of cement needed it also reduces energy cost. According to the Ministry of Transportation, Ontario is increasing driver and vehicle fees in order to maintain bridges and roads. The price of maintenance has increased. Consequently this increases taxes and other fees. Using this admixture the amount of maintenance required can be reduced, with increase in tax will not be necessary. Recycled Concrete Concrete as one of the mostly used building materials when produced and transported creates a lot of CO2 and when disposed generates a huge amount of waste; therefore it causes a lot of concerns for environmental activists. In order to address these environmental issues, it is necessary to recycle the concrete when demolishing buildings built using concrete. Also reuse of this construction waste is important in terms of life Cycle Assessment that is the standard method of evaluating environmental impacts associated with different stage of products life, which includes recycling (22). There are 3 basic concepts to promote the proper reuse of the construction waste, (A) assurance of safety and quality, (B) decrease of environmental impact, and (C) increase of cost effectiveness of construction. In this paper we focus on some benefits of proper recycling of concrete for the environment. First, we are going to address some of the main environmental problems with concrete. Concrete production emits huge amount of CO2, which is the main issue of this industry that leads into global warming. Up to 8% of all the CO2 produced in the world comes from concrete production. Using recycled concrete can dramatically reduce the amount of emitted CO2 and fight against global warming. Nitrous oxide emission and other articulated air emissions on one hand, and on the other hand the traffic congestion caused by delivery of the ready concrete wastes a lot of energy and cause air pollution. Water pollution and adverse effects of concrete on health are among the other problems that make concrete recycling more essential. (19) In the past, the resulting concrete from demolishing the buildings was released in the environment which had enormous negative impacts. Conventionally recycling concrete has been considered as a difficult task, however recycling technology has been improved and now it has become a feasible technology. Recycling concrete has become a simple process that involves breaking the concrete pavements, removing them from the sites to the recycling machines that can be also installed near the construction sites and finally crushing the concrete into pieces that can vary in quality and size. (18) Furthermore, recycling technology has reached the stage that can prepare the recycled concrete to produce superior recycled aggregate for structural concrete. Recycled concrete has become one of the best construction materials as it is stronger than new concrete. There are only few restrictions on the type of concrete that can be used as recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) (20). Recycling now has become more common method of developing the waste produced by demolishing or renovating the structures made of concrete rather than transferring them by truck and leaving them in landfill. Environmental awareness and also the desire of contractors to keep construction costs as low as possible, has made concrete recycling an attractive proposal in any construction project involving concrete. Unlike most of the materials, such as, glass, bottles or metals that can be reused to produce the same material, once concrete has been made from cement, it cannot be decomposed to its initial component of sand, cement and water. However, Crushed concrete can be combined with virgin aggregate in producing concrete. (17) It is important to develop standardized guidelines to create new materials. These standards are needed for quality control of Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA), and the correct use of this recycled materials to produce new concrete. Recycling can reduce the amount of waste concrete that must be landfilled so it saves landfill space by keeping the waste concrete out of landfill. In addition, it reduces the need of virgin aggregates which help to cuts the negative environmental issues of extraction process. Recycled concrete can be used as gravel and it reduces the need for gravel mining. Another positive impact of recycling is the reduction of transportation requirements to transfer the new material to the construction sites, which in turn can reduce air and water pollution significantly and also decrease the greenhouse emission. One of the most important environmental advantages of concrete recycling rather than leaving the concrete in the landfill and buying the new material is to save up to 1,360 gallons water by recycling one ton of concrete. Using developed recycling system, to recycle the concrete waste produced from demolishing structures or roadways, can reduce t

Effects of TV viewing on children Essay

Children are to be considered as the hope of the tomorrow. They are the one who make our world beautiful and meaningful because of their innocence and simplicity. But are these facts still true nowadays? Or it will be just a â€Å"dream† for us now? Children’s characters, personalities and their totality as individual first develop and mold inside the home where parents are oblige and responsible to teach their children the good values and morals. But the irony for this issue is that, parents tend to forget their responsibilities as parents in supervising their kids, due to their hectic schedules and demands of their work, especially in watching television where children are expose to different kinds of indecent advertisements and commercials. Parents should allot time in spending quality moments and be on the side of their children in order for them to explain the advertisements and commercials which have an adult content. This paper argues the negative effects of television viewing on children. Television is a very powerful tool to the learning of the children and it can educate them in many ways whether it is profitable or destructive to their morals and values. It contributes much most especially when parents let their children watch indecent television shows anytime of the day without their supervision. There are also shows on TV that create fear to the hearts of these children because they are able to internalize what they have seen. In a researched entitled â€Å"Television† and conducted by the University of Michigan Health System stated that â€Å"in a usual American household, there are about 7 hours spend by children in watching television everyday and there are about tens of thousands of commercials observed by the kids on TV which the public relations mark. And not only that, every year the range of 1,000 to 2,000 children watched TV ads for alcohol and the fears attributed by the television can create sleep problems. A survey showed that there was about 37 percent of the kids stated that they were terrified by a TV story and the symptoms for this included anxious feelings, withdrawing from friends, nightmares†¦(see â€Å"Television† University of Michigan Health System). There are also commercials that speak about sex. It is called sex in advertising. The use of sexual attraction as a tool of persuasion by drawing attention, interest to a particular product for the purpose of promotion and increase in sales had been a part of marketing and advertising industry for quite some time. The method generally uses attractive models, usually in a suggestive or provocative scene. The past two decades have witnessed an increasing use of explicit sexual appeal in consumer-oriented print advertising and particularly of women as the object of sexual desire that it has reached to the point of being common. The use of sex in advertising on television can range from being highly overt to extremely subtle; from explicit displays of sexual acts or nudity, down to the use of basic cosmetic products to enhance attractiveness. The more subtle forms of this spectrum have seeped into other types of media. One such example is the criteria in the selection of DJs and announcers, which is based on the â€Å"sexiness† of their voice. The use of sexual imagery in advertising has received a barrage of criticisms on various grounds. Moral and religious groups oppose it for being obscene. Feminist groups raise the issue of women’s rights, that it reduces women as mere ‘objects’. Others believe that it only reinforces sexism. Sex in marketing through the years has become raunchier and raunchier, with each advertisement trying to outdo the last. Since it has become a powerful force in the marketing industry, we see the market being saturated with signs of glamorous blond women and muscle-rippling playboys. However, recent studies indicate that such a tool is no longer the sure-way answer to every marketing officer’s prayer. Although most companies utilize sex as their largest promoter of their product(s), negative results may never be far behind. Sexual ads do not always appeal to all consumers and accept sex as an acceptable marketing tool. A study done by Susan Cummings for the American Demographics Magazine, quoted that â€Å"75 percent of women and 53 percent of men aged 35 to 54 said that sex in advertising can be offensive† (Cited in â€Å"Sex Sells†¦No, Really! †). Other concerns being raised is how the youth react to this and how they perceive sex in advertising. There are many different opinions on how sexual appeal in advertising is defined. A slight difference had been found between young men and women. Sexual appeal for young women did not depend on how people looked in the advertisement. Focus is more on movement. It does not even have to include nudity, and models need not be exceptionally good looking for the ad to be even considered sexual. Young men also believe that the movement and the appearance of the models are of great importance. Both genders perceive an ad as sexual through words and images, even without images of nudity among the characters. Therefore, this study came to the following conclusions: that advertisement do not have to contain nudity to be perceived by young men and women as sexual in character; even movement and appearance of the models in the advertisement can make it sexual in nature; young men differ from their women counterparts in the sense that they believe that exceptional good looks among models require an ad campaign to be so. They also believe that there is too much sex in advertising, even observing that there are companies who make use of sexual appeal even if their product is discordant with the sexual image. These young men also see advertisements as discriminating to both men and women. This research also came to the same conclusion that buying behavior does not change, since nudity in advertisement has become so common. Young female respondents also believe that there is too much sex in advertising and these failed to elicit responses. Reaction of tension came only if the image is tasteless. However, for young women, attitude and buying behavior might change if an advertisement based on sexual appeal is too sexual. A favorable response comes only if the sexual appeal is done tastefully and the appeal has any connection towards the brand. Their self-image and confidence is affected when it showed attractive models. Corporations are then urged to make considerations in aiming advertising towards youth in using sexual appeals in their advertisement campaigns. This means that children are prone to adapt thwarted values and morals which will affect sooner to their development as individuals and contribute in the later part of their lives. Being TV addicts is more treacherous and hazardous than taking a drug because it disseminates violence, spoils people’s intellects, and ruins not only the individual but as well as our nation and culture. In conclusion, it cannot deny that children are great imitators and that is one of their natures. They really follow and imitate what they have seen and observed from other people especially when they realize that these people involve manifests excitement in doing such acts. Present television’s advertisements, commercials, shows and movies already content indecent acts such as violence, sensual actions or sex, drinking and taking drugs which have great impact to the minds of the younger generations. These kinds of entertainments will create curiosity and puzzlements to their young minds that will push them to try it by themselves. The advertisers really put an effort to convey their audiences-whether young or old-whom the actions perform on TV, those actions are worth emulating for and because of this, children are motivated to imitate it. The University of Michigan Health System further discussed that â€Å"TV shows usually speak about the use of alcohol. The existence of alcohol on TV resorts the gamut from prime-time programs†¦In addition, the researched informed us that those who are TV addicts are more similarly to smoke cigarettes and marijuana. However, parents are not open in discussing issues such as birth control, sexually transmitted disease and sex and even schools are lacking to give information about sex education programs and due to such reasons, children are able to acquire sex information through watching TV. In a survey disclosed the fact that there were about 76 percent of teenagers attested that one intuition why young people indulge in sex because TV movies and programs make such thing as common and ordinary for their age group (see â€Å"Television† University of Michigan Health System).

The Affordable Care Act Of Congress - 1560 Words

The affordable care act was passed into law by congress and the president in 2010. This plan was established to help all individuals obtain health insurance, regardless of having a pre-existing condition through the government marketplace as an affordable amount, or if you did not meet the set standards, was offered a state based health care coverage (HHS, 2015). Those individuals who did not have qualified medical coverage for the majority of the tax year, they would be penalized and have to pay a certain amount or a percentage based off of their income. Also under the ACA employers are now responsible, depending on how many employees are employed with their company, to offer their full time employees health care coverage, or also face a†¦show more content†¦Under the ACA for individuals, they are able to select their health care coverage either through their employer, through the government, by finding a plan on their own, or have no insurance coverage at all and face the tax penalty, year after year that the taxpayer goes without coverage. There are actually ways that the individual can benefit from when filing their taxes. An option for selecting health care coverage is through the government’s website exchange, this is referenced to the Premium tax credit. Under this credit as defined in 26 C.F.R.  § 1.36B-1 , individuals are able to select their own health care coverage with the plans being labeled as on silver, bronze, gold, or platinum plans, and gives the taxpayer a refund on the premium amount. If a taxpayer plans on selecting one of these, the government will give you a tax break if your income places you under the 400% of the poverty level (Obamacare, 2015). Under ACA, employers are now faced with a challenge of their own, if they have 50 or more employees they are now required to offer healthcare coverage to their full-time employees, and if they do not they will be faced to pay a tax penalty. With smaller employers they would be offered a tax break on offering their employees coverage through the government marketplace. Another way that the ACA changed the tax on other companies is

What Makes A Man And What The Lord Expects Of Us - 893 Words

So where do we begin to learn what makes a man and what the Lord expects of us? We begin our lesson with the story of creation. It is here that we get a glimpse into the creative realms of our Heavenly Father. With delightful purpose and majestic power, Our Lord spoke things into existence. Among these things was man (Adam). â€Å"Then God said, ‘Let us make man in our image, after our likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.’† Genesis 1:26 ESV It is interesting to notice not only does God give us a glimpse of His nature, but He also gives man a purpose within this creation. Dominion over all living things, now that’s a big responsibility. Firstly, let’s look at what God means by making â€Å"man in our image.† Does that mean we look like God? Did Adam act like God? It is commonly understood that the image God spoken of here is more about His character and how we are created like God, but not as gods. The ways we are like God are in our intellect, moral, and social aspects. This is an important first step in understanding our masculinity. It is from here all other building block are set. It is important to note that while we may be like God, we are but a small piece of His majesty. Likeness in this way is not to mean a perfect copy, but a distant one. Like with intellectual capabilities, we men have the capacity to reason,Show MoreRelatedDeath is presented to a man (everyman) and all of mans friends run , escape, protect themselves. The700 Words   |  3 PagesDeath is presented to a man (everyman) and all of mans friends run, escape, protect themselves. The lesson learned if fairly obvious in my mind. When someone is dying, no pleading or begging or cajoling will stop death and death will not be announced. But that is not the true lesson. The lesson is much more heart retching then that. It is an understanding that you cannot take people or things with you. People and things cannot help you. Your life is an open book to God and He already knows whereRead MoreI Dont Want to Miss a Thing1405 Words   |  6 PagesTheme: â€Å"I Don’t Want to Miss a Thing!† Scripture: 1 Corinthians 2: 9-10 â€Å"But as it is written, eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither have entered into the hearts of man, the things which God hath prepared for them that love him. But God hath revealed them unto us by his Spirit; for the Spirit searches all things, yea, the deep things of God.† Subject: â€Å"I Don’t Want to Miss a Thing!† (I wish I had two people in the house this morning who would high five somebody and tell themRead MoreWill You Marry Me?1189 Words   |  5 Pagesgood thing or a God thing?†. I have found so many times that people will want a relationship so badly, that they are willing to compromise their own beliefs in order to make it happen. Everyone wants to love and to be loved, that is a human desire†¦but it becomes wrong when you begin to put this desire over the love that only the Lord can give. No person in the entire world can fill the void that He can fill. I personally have had to learn this in my own life. It is important to remember that TRUE LOVERead MoreThe Importance Of Eternal Life726 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"First, let’s be absolutely clear on what God wants for each of us. He wants us to have all of the blessings of eternal life. He wants us to become like Him. To help us do that, He has given us a plan. This plan is based on eternal truths and is not altered according to the social trends of the day.†(Elder Jeffrey R. Holland.) My dear brother I want you to be sure that you know how much the Lord loves you and to have clear that he gave us commandments, but at the same time free will. This means thatRead MoreGod Is A Problem Of Failure1367 Words   |  6 PagesAs humans, we are so focused on sin. It is innate in us, and it overpowers us. We are so caught in our failure and wrong doings that we forget what we are doing right, often avoiding a relationship with the one who created us and made us who we are today. Everyone wonders why we die, but the simple answer can be found in the bible-sin. You may think sin leads to failure, and failure leads to death, but that is not the case. It may seem like there is no escape to avoid death, but there is. God hasRead MoreThe Importance Of Becoming Born Again, The Power Of Prayer, And The Church Of God864 Words   |  4 Page sthe importance of becoming born again, the power of the Holy Spirit and spiritual consciousness. Now, this leads me to my next topic, a close and continuous relationship with God (2 Peter 3:18). Having a close and intimate relationship with God allow us to become aware of how greatly we are in need of Him. This topic will be broken down into five parts; Confession, Voice of God, Power of Prayer, and the Church of God, Obedience. 1. Confessing our sins (1 John 1:9): Sin is one of the largest barriersRead MoreEssay on Old Testament641 Words   |  3 Pagesrevelation . . . there was no way to know what pleased and what angered . . . This is the plight of those who live in a world without revelation. In the end, for all of their conscientious ritual, they did not know what deity wanted† (p. 145). Please post a 400-word response to Walton’s statement. Discuss the importance of revelation to God and the biblical writers. Seek to answer questions like â€Å"Was it important for God to reveal himself to mankind? If so, in what ways has God revealed himself? How importantRead MoreThe Holy Lord Of The Lord1604 Words   |  7 PagesIt’s a sad fact that many Bible-believing Christians do not engage in any real service for the Lord. Many will attend worship services and tithe faithfully, but do little else in the way of service to the Lord. Paul told the Ephesians to â€Å"walk circumspectly, not as fools, but as wise, redeeming t he time, because the days are evil. Wherefore be ye not unwise, but understanding what the will of the Lord is.† When I read this verse in the Voice translation, I come away with a clearer understandingRead MoreTrust Is The Firm Belief In The Reliability, Truth, Ability,1605 Words   |  7 Pagespeople tend to be one way in the church and another way in the world. This causes one to be a hypocrite. I’ve seen so much hypocrisy in the body of Christ. I’ve experienced individuals being on your side as long as you are kissing up to them, and doing what they want you to do. They love you to life. But just as soon as you don’t dance to their music and tell the individuals the truth about themselves, they are quick to drop you and run high and dry. This will cause distrust in individuals that have genuineRead MoreEssay about Shrek and Reversal of Fairytale Tradition1505 Words   |  7 Pagesat the characters and the different presentational devises used to show how fairytale traditions are reversed. The presentational devices which are looked at are camera angles, lighting and music. In a traditional fairytale you would expect to find a prince and a princess who fall in love and live happily ever after. For example in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs the prince comes and rescues Snow White and then they live happily ever after. In Shrek the prince is revealed

What I Attended A Concert - 1398 Words

I attended a concert on the 16th of November at 7:30 in the evening at the Olive DeLuce Fine Arts Building to watch the Northwest Jazz and Studio Jazz Ensembles perform. Both ensembles performed a variety of songs generally under the jazz genre, featuring artists studied in the course, including Duke Ellington, Count Basie and George Gershwin. Some of the songs performed by the ensembles included â€Å"La Almeja Pequena,† â€Å"Count Me In,† â€Å"Rockin’ In Rhythm,† and â€Å"I’ve Got a Crush on You.† Although there were many diverse styles played throughout the concert, many songs performed are from the Tin Pan Alley, jazz or swing genres, all of which became popular between 1930 and 1950. The songs performed by the Northwest Jazz and Studio Jazz Ensembles can collectively be classified as big band era music, including polyphonic textures, complex rhythmic structures and collective improvisation, the start of a new age of American popul ar music. The Northwest jazz ensembles featured songs both under Dixieland jazz and swing genres. Using a combination of the improvisational, small band qualities of jazz with big band swing allowed listeners to experience both genres of music, clearly displaying the similarities they share. A distinguishing feature in Dixieland jazz is the separation of the â€Å"front line† (instruments such as the cornet, clarinet and trombone) and â€Å"rhythm section† (instruments such as the piano and drums). Similarly, it is noticeable in Dixieland jazz is that eachShow MoreRelatedconcert comparisons Essay871 Words   |  4 Pagesthe concert excerpts, construct a comparison of these two concerts. For this assignment I chose to compare and contrast two concerts. The first concert is from the modern era, while the other is a Baroque Era concert originating from the 17th Century preformed by a modern day orchestra. The Baroque Era Concert takes place in a large modern day Lutheran Church in front of a small crowd of well dressed onlookers. The second concert that I chose for this assignment is a modern day rock concert fromRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Columbus State Musical Concerts651 Words   |  3 Pagesrecitals, jazz and classical concerts top in my music preferred list. My passion for music made me very excited about going the Columbus state musical concert held in the River Center of Performing Arts In the Legacy Room. The theatre is located in a nice location giving the audience a full range of sound and sight. The sounds are incredible and I really loved how I could hear everything. The stage can be seen from any place that one decides to stand on. For this particular concert, the venue was dimly litRead MoreConcert Paper1206 Words   |  5 PagesHead: CONCERT PAPER Concert Paper 1 Kellee Pruitt Lamar University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for MUSI1306.49F Michelle White November 18, 2011 Concert Paper One By definition, music refers to an art whose medium is sound and silence. On the other hand, art refers to a skill, being able to do something in a way that the majority will appreciate. It is acquired through knowledge and talent too. In this context therefore, I am goingRead MoreGraduation Speech : A College Student1360 Words   |  6 Pagesthe first semester I have done things both inside and outside of my comfort zone as I have adjusted to life as a college student. I used to cheerlead throughout high school for both the basketball and football seasons, so attending my first football game in the Dome was something I easily crossed off my checklist within the first week of being a college student. From freshman year to senior year of high school, I had attended every single football and basketball game, whether I wanted to be thereRead MoreConcert At The Pennfield Performing Arts Center1518 Words   |  7 PagesThursday, May 26, 2016, I attended the Pennfield Choral Concert at t he Pennfield Performing Arts Center, in Pennfield Michigan. The theme of this choral concert was Pop Rocks, which was a compilation of popular and rock and roll songs, including songs from the 70s and 80s to the present. There were also songs featuring specific choirs, such as the composition Girl Power, which featured the Women’s Choir. This was an evening full of medleys with unique twists that made the concert quite entertaining.Read MoreMusical Description Of The Concert912 Words   |  4 Pagesdescription of the concert experience as a whole This piano and violin concert happens to be the only classical concert I have attended. Upon walking in the atmosphere in the hall was much different than other concerts I have attended in the past. Though the buying the tickets online was the same, the attire of people at the event was much different, people dressed up in casual formal wear. Additionally, there was a list containing names unlike just bringing a ticket. Once I entered the hall, I seated myselfRead MoreI Want From A Concert960 Words   |  4 PagesBasically what I want from a concert is for a band/artist to have a unique artistic sound/presence and for that band to deliver it to the best of its abilities on stage. If it s a fun band, then I want them to engage the audience and be spontaneous. If it s a quiet band then I don t expect that. Similarly, if it s a rough band then I don t expect to hear the album played note-for-note. I want to feel like I’m at a concert, not listening to the radio. I want to fe el the passion and emotionRead MoreHow Art Is Art?1457 Words   |  6 Pagesexperience is merely a reproduction of an original. Most Americans are part of the middle class and thus cannot afford original pieces of artwork, or afford to witness everything live on a normal basis. Without reproductions many of us would not experience what we know as art, as the original is often out of reach and thus reproductions were born to fill that gap. Reproductions of art provide opportunities and the chance to experience in some way the art that is created, and yet they lack the full intensityRead MoreSecret Shopper : Getter At The Royal Oak Music Theatre Essay1731 Words   |  7 PagesSecret Shopper: Getter We attended a concert at the Royal Oak Music Theatre, in Royal Oak, Michigan. Both of us have experienced events at this venue and we were excited to see Getter DJ. Getter is a dubstep and bass music producer that has been releasing music since 2010, but just recently has grown in popularity. This show was a part of his first bus tour across the U.S. There are many elements that go along with producing live entertainment events, and every participant has a different experienceRead MoreOrchestra Concert Essay967 Words   |  4 PagesThe music played throughout all of the concerts adhered to be diverse. The instruments, the individuals performing, and the conductor all proved to be outstanding. The concerts proved to be interesting as I witnessed them, first hand. The first concert I attended was performed by the Dallas Symphony Orchestra. The orchestra had performed Shostakovich’s â€Å"Symphony NO. 7, Leningrad† from the Romantic era. The orchestra was a large ensemble (1) containing various instruments that contributed to the

Biography of Dr.Jose Rizal Free Essays

This is not so! To support this argument Michael Faraday is the perfect example. Faraday didn’t receive a formal education, yet through the dint of hard work and sheer determination he became one of the 19’Th Century. Michael Faraday belonged to the poor family of a blacksmith. We will write a custom essay sample on Biography of Dr.Jose Rizal or any similar topic only for you Order Now His parents were so poor that they were not able to send Faraday to school. At a time when all boys of his age went to school, Faraday was ngaged in menial work. Due to the crushing poverty of his family, Faraday was forced to take up several odd Jobs that taught him how to fend for himself when he was still a minor. However, in the course of time, Faradays hard work and a flair for science made him one of the most successful scientists of his time in England. Faraday took deep interest in science and made a significant contribution to the study of physics and chemistry. Faraday had an extraordinary number of ingenious ways to work out on scientific methods. This special ability of Faradays astonished many renowned scientists of his time. Faraday was the first scientist who succeeded in liquefying a permanent gas. This was without doubt a great discovery of his time. Moreover, Faraday is much acclaimed for his major contribution to electricity and magnetism. It was Faraday who laid the foundation of the electric motor, the generator, the transformer, etc. As with physics Faraday was also interested In chemistry. He discovered benzene and used it for different purposes In fact, Faraday didn’t have a university education; but he was still unanimously appointed professor of chemistry at the Royal Institution. This was the acknowledgement of his rofound knowledge and Ingenious capacity to deal with scientific methods. Faradays lectures on science were highly knowledge and fully of witty remarks. In order to give due respect to Michael Faraday, a unit of electricity was named after him. It is called â€Å"Farad† this Is the unit to measures an amount of electrical charge. In the course of time, Faraday developed generators and transformers which were regarded as major Inventions of 19’Th century. Not only this, Faraday Is also remembered for having coined new technical words used In electricity Ilke Ion, electrode, cathode, and anode etc. MICHAEL FARADAY was born on September 22, 1791, In Newington Butts, London In 1786. By profession, Mr. James Faraday and Mrs. Margaret Hastwell migrated from Clapham, Yorkshire, to London In 1786. By profession, Mr. James Faraday was a blacksmith, and he was managing to survive on a very meager Income. Faradays early childhood was spent In poverty and hardship. When Faraday was a young boy of ten, he saw all his playmates going to school. Like many other boys, Faraday also wanted go to school , therefore he repeatedly Implored his father to send him to school but his father would say , â€Å"next year†, and that next year never came. As a result , all his life Faraday was deprived of school and a university education. Actually Mr. Faraday wanted to send his son to school , but he was simply unable duo to his very poor financial state. HIS Income was quite low and also not very reliable. Due to such an erratic Income from his profession Mr. Faraday could not send his son to send him to a school. â€Å"l should do something to educate myself. † Although Faraday was not going to school, he had an unusual obsession for reading and collecting books of all kinds. His interest chiefly lay in science. He began to collect good books o matter how expensive they were and , to meet the expenses of buying books ; Faraday began to do all sorts of odd Jobs that came his way. Faradays love for books was well known among his friends. One fine morning, Faraday was going to a Job when he met one of his bosom pals, he informed Faraday about a Job opportunity available in a bookbinding shop. This was absolutely fabulous news for Faraday because he knew working in a bookbinding shop meant getting an opportunity to read plenty of books. Faraday immediately changed direction and headed towards the bookbinder’s shop and asked the owner for the Job. The owner of the bookbinding shop was Mr. Riebau who was a kind man. He agreed to employ Faraday on a nominal wage, but for Faraday a Job in a bookbinding shop was more valuable than any wage. Faraday was extremely happy with his new Job. He would go to work well before the duty time and leave late in the evening. Faraday would also bring some books with him whose delivery was to be made little late. Faraday started serious study of any science books which fell into his hand. He had taken a keen interest in science , but especially in physics and chemistry. It became a routine for Faraday to study late into the night , but sometimes he would even remain awake for the whole night and read an entire book in a single sitting. Faraday worked in Mr. Riebau’s bookbinding shop for over eight years. After 8 years of service in Mr. Riebau’s shop , Faraday then Joined in Mr. De La Roche’s bookbinding shop. Here too Faraday did his work with complete dedication and gave his mater no opportunity to make a complaint against him. During this period Faraday had successfully managed to collect his own personal library which he kept in his little bedroom where he would study physics and chemistry with complete dedication. While reading science and the works of great scientists , Faraday began to nurture a desire of becoming a scientists deep in his heart. One day a satisfied costumer gave a ticket to Faraday. The ticket was a gate-pass to attend lecture of Sir Humphrey Daw at Royal Institute. Faraday was very grateful to the gentleman who have him the ticket as he was very eager to attend the lectures. On the day of Daws lectures Faraday reached the hall almost an hour early and secure his seat in the first row so that he could see and hear Daws lecture clearly. One by one Faraday attended all the lectures of Sir. Humphrey Daw. Sir Humphrey Daws learned lectures left a profound impression on Faraday. While Sir Daw was delivering lectures , Faraday has noted down every single important fact in his notebook. Later he carefully studied those notes and wrote several pages which he made into a thick book and went straight to Humphrey Daws house. Faraday handed over this book to Sir Humphrey Daw and requested him to read in his leisure time. Sir Daw studied Faradays book and found it very interesting. A few days later Faraday asked Sir Daws opinion about his book , Sir Daw said he was impressed by his work and these words of Sir Daw were more than enough to nspire a young man like Faraday. Faradays meeting with Sir Daw left a good impression upon Sir Daws mind. A few months later Faraday sought a Job in Sir Daws laboratory, because he was eager to see scientific experiments close-up. as extremely glad as he had the opportunity to work under the guidance of Sir Daw, a renowned scientist of his time. Faraday was very delighted in order to improve his understanding of science. Sir Daw taught him several important aspects of physics and chemistry that tremendously helped to expand Faradays mental horizon . Sir Daw was also very satisfied at seeing Faradays rapid progress as he was picking up verything very quickly. After one year of hard work , Faraday has the opportunity to be one of the members of Sir Daws entourage on a European tour. On this important tour , Sir Daw delivered many erudite lectures that Faraday had noted down in his notebooks. Faraday had also received some rare opportunities to meet with some renowned scientists. Faraday duly capitalised on this opportunity to improve his scientific Knowledge. While Faraday was doing very well in science , Mrs. Daw never treated Faraday as more than a servant , but Faraday never made any complaint about her obnoxious behaviour to Sir Daw. Faraday remained a through gentleman all his life. Upon his return from the tour on 1815 , Faraday became even more ambitious to be a scientist then he was before. Now he wanted to establish his own identity as a scientist rather than Just as a working assistant in Sir Daws laboratory. So Faraday began to study will all his ability. Faraday seriously began making a series of experiments until late into the night. On the basis of his long-time experiments and through study of science. He eventually developed electromagnetic rotations. Faraday showed his discoveries to Sir Daw and asked his opinion for its publication n the scientific Journal, but Sir Daw delayed giving his opinion on Faradays discoveries and that soured their relationship. Sir Daw did not acknowledge Faradays achievement at the first sight and never gave the ideas for this. Anyway , Faraday was most embarrassed at receiving such a cold reception from Sir Daw. However , without getting Sir Daws approval, Faraday published his works on electromagnetic rotation. When Faradays papers were published in a reputed science Journal, Sir Daw blamed Faraday for publishing his papers without his acknowledgement. After the publication of Faradays papers in the science Journal hose scientists who disliked Faraday accused him of stealing or plagiarizing the ideas of other scientists. Faraday did not lend an ear to the clamor his opponents were making, Instead Faraday went on with more experiments and published many scientific papers in several Journals. Faraday succeeded to liquefy chlorine in 1823 and proved that a gas can also be liquefied. Slowly but steadily , Faraday was emerging from obscurity into the limelight as a rising scientist. Faraday submitted an application to the Royal Institute in 1824 and sought to be elected a fellow of the Royal Institute , but his application was ruthlessly turned down. Later it was suspected that actually Sir Daw did not want to see Faraday sitting equal to him. In spite of Sir Daws strong opposition , the following year Faraday was elected a fellow of the Royal Society and later directory of the laboratory of the Royal Institute. Faraday took special interest in the study of electromagnetic function. After a series of experiments , he discovered electromagnetic induction , the battery , the electric arc , and electrostatics. These were some of the major discoveries which duly lifted eputation to a new height as a most brilliant scientist. The loads of work and staying up late into night caused severe harm to his health. Due to heavy workload, he often Faraday complained of losing his memory and that made him unable to write about studying or experiment on new things as freely as he wanted. Faraday passed away peacefully at the age of 76 in his arm chair on August 25 , 1867. Faraday discoveries and inventions created new avenues in the field of science and technology. Faraday was without doubt one of the foremost scientist who set the foundations of scientific discovery. How to cite Biography of Dr.Jose Rizal, Papers

Report on Healthcare United 2017 for Recruitment and Selection

Question: Discuss about the Report on Healthcare United 2017. Answer: Introduction The policies for healthcare for the year 2016 seems to be a bit contrary to the current Healthcare united policy for 2017 and therefore it needs some adjustments in order to be in line with the present policies and procedures. Despite the fact that it seeks to employ a lot of people to do the work that they want to be done in a professional way by professionals, it should seek to employ the employees it wants who are qualified and who will fit in the posts they will be posted (Pynes Lombardi, 2011). According to the 2017 Healthcare United, it aims to employ an additional 500 healthcare professionals to expand its operations and to provide quality services to the growing influx of the clients. The Objective of the report. The key purpose of carrying out the report was to analyze the policies and procedures of recruiting and selecting processes for new employees into an organization that is in line with the Healthcare United 2017 legislation. Terms of reference. The report was carried out with reference to the 2017 Healthcare United legislation that suggested the 2016 Healthcare United policy to be adjusted and reviewed in some key areas that seemed to be cumbersome and perceived to be time consuming. This will help in making adjustment in future so as to avoid time lost while handling the outdated procedures. Procedure. Steps taken. The steps that were taken were meant to bring back a new dimension in acquiring new staff and handling the clients in the healthcare systems. The procedure that was involved in the report in the report are as follows in the recruitment and selection of new staff according to the 2017 Healthcare United is as outlined below: Time frames. The time frame for every stage of recruiting, selecting and employing the new staff should be followed and it should be allocated appropriately so as to avoid much time on less important things. Personnel involved in recruiting and selecting. The manager should assume major responsibility for the recruitment and selection of the staff, the training of the required personnel and the supporting documentation from the successful staff after undergoing through the interview and making to the next stage (Bottomly, 2011). This helps to save on time, resources and space for doing other things. Here, the Human Resource department will support managers while handling this role as its for the organization. The timeframe for recruitment and selection will be two to three weeks maximum and does not involve a lot of procedures as its the case with the 2016 Healthcare United procedures that requires one to get the permission to recruit form something that seems to be quite cumbersome and time consuming (Arthur, 2012). Thus all the vacant positions will be advertised internally and externally for a period of ten working days unless special exemptions apply and the information given to the manager within the stipulated timeframe and be a dvertised online and in leading national newspapers (Bartram, 2000). Job offer. Healthcare united interviews are to be conducted by the departmental managers that best places the newly acquired staffs according to their efforts and where they fit well. This interview from the selected trained panel exposes the new staff to the reality that they will meet in the field they are yet to join and work on delivering their services to the client. Feedback to Applicants. After the process of interviewing the new staff is over, its the responsibility of the manager to select the staff subject to reference. It saves time for a lot unlike the case with the Healthcare United policy that takes additional time with those who were unsuccessful. Thus, HealthCare United 2017 has brought a new revolution to the staff acquiring and should be adopted widely as it an equal opportunity employer and fast (Bernerth, 2005). Findings. Throughout the report, it was found out that a lot of time is consumed while using the 2016 Healthcare United procedure because of its lengthy and tedious steps, the HR is involved in the advertisement of the vacant positions within the organization, short listing takes a lot of time of upto five days, a lot of time is consumed while preparing the interview and also it takes abit longer to interview an applicant and it takes up to two days to complete the shortlisted candidates. It was also found that a lot procedures are involved all through the interview time which involves a lot of staffs from different ranks in the interview something that seems to be lengthy, reference checks are also done during the selection process. Moreover, it was found out that the candidates who were unsuccessful are provided with feedback after the interview by having a meeting with the HR. Observations. During the period of conducting the report, it was observed that despite the ingress of modern methods of recruiting and selecting the new staff, there is still the need to educate and introduce the new methods of recruiting and selecting new staff. This will enable easy and smooth flow of activities involved right from the time a position is advertised to interviews, selection till it gets to the training of the newly acquired staff into the organization. During the research on the report, it was discovered that after the whole process of recruiting new staff members into the organization, the candidates who were not successful are contacted and given feedback. The HR is also handed copies of notes about the unsuccessful candidates. To be in line with the 2017 Healthcare United legislations, the 2016 Healthcare United need adjustments in the following areas in order to offer quality services with each passing day: The recruiting and selecting process. The recruiting and selecting process should involve acquiring only best and most qualified and trained human resources available for the clients in order to offer the best services that the clients desires to have. This is achieved through the acquired labor and they should strive towards bringing out the best from the working team. Technology Advancement. The Healthcare United act for 2016 should have with them the latest or modern technology for the services to be rendered because technology changes with every passing day and they should stay updated with the changes. They should also innovate the culture of that will build its name in and around the organization and its environs. Through innovative practices, up-to-date advancements and customer care to the clients, it helps build confidence and reliability from the clients as they receive the best services according to their needs and satisfactions. Facilities Available. The facilities available should cater all the clients without sidelining any one whether young, old or who are mentally and physically challenged and should be the best as its a competitive environment. The procedures for handling and service delivery should be given priority and administered in a professional way so that the facility can build a good reputation and have a good public image (Blacksmith Poeppleman, 2014). Feedback to unsuccessful applicants. A good employer should select and recruit the staff that it can handle right from selecting those to invite for interview till the time for giving the feedback. Thus, giving feedback to those who did not make to the other level should be left out because it seems outdated. It should rather be replaced by time to train and equip the newly recruited members into the team (Burt, 2004). Consequently, it does not comply with the current legislation and therefore should not be applied in the current legislation because its cumbersome ,time consuming and may have some overhead expenses to the organization (Elearn Limited, 2009). Recommendations. The areas to be revised from the 2016 Healthcare United are meant to bring out the simplicity of acquiring new members into the organization, filling the left positions in the office among others. The recommendations include the: Filling the vacant positions in the organization. The element of time should be considered because a lot of time that is used to look for new employees should rather be used in other activities that may bring henceforth benefits to the company. Thus the vacant positions should be filled within the shortest time possible in order to save on time as is with the case with the 2016 Healthcare United policy (Delanty Engin, 2003). Technology adjustments. The organization with long term goals and objectives should have modern technological advancement in order to survive and counter competitors because in this competitive environment its all about the services that you offer your clients (Ambrose Rosse, 2003). Personally, I suggest that new and advanced techniques should be integrated into the service deliveries to both the clients and the staff. Short listing and recruitment of new staff. The process of short listing and recruiting new staff should be as done within the shortest time and should avoid a lot of time consuming activities but should rather use the spare time in other activities. Through this, delay time is minimized to the lowest level possible. Interview preparations. The process of interview should be done within the shortest time possible. This will give the trainers sufficient time to prepare themselves well enough both psychologically and also have their trainees made familiar with what they are going in their respective fields. This will help in focusing the time and the newly acquired skills, knowledge and efforts in delivering the services to the clients and staff. References Arthur, D. (2012).Recruiting, interviewing, selecting orienting new employees. 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